Ethics And Morality The Trolley Problem - 1231 Words

There is something known as â€Å"The Trolley Problem† that is utilized as a hypothetical situation in the study of ethics and morality. The most famous trolley problem is that: you are driving a trolley and on the track ahead of you, there are five men working who will be killed unless you pull a lever to divert the train to the other track. However, on the other track there is one man working who will be killed if you choose to divert the train. What would you do? In this situation, people based on their moral compass which is a natural feeling that makes people know what is right and wrong and how they should behave (defined by Cambridge Dictionaries) make the choose that they believe right. According to Utilitarian, the Greatest Happiness Principle is the foundation of morality which, is a consequentialist belief that actions should be based on maximizing the amount of happiness for the whole of society. However, one of the most well know philosopher Immanuel Kant states that moral behaviors do not look for rewards, but to be responsible in performing a duty. This is the innate sense of right or wrong, no matter satisfaction and enjoyment exists or not and whether our needs are satisfied and our feelings are eased or not. In his perspective, morals are higher than your mental state and desires. In fact, these two moral theory make a deeper influence of my moral compass during the different time of my life. When I first consider the â€Å"The Trolley Problem† in the high school, IShow MoreRelatedThe Trolley Problem Of The Monist1624 Words   |  7 PagesJudith Jarvis Thomson presents an ethical dilemma entitled The Trolley Problem in The Monist. The problem describes a situation in which a trolley car is moving quickly and out of control on a train track towards five people who are tied to the tracks; you have the power to pull a lever, change the direction of the trolley car and save those five people – at the expense of the life of one person who is on the track the car was diverted to (Thomson 1397). The choice to be made is not just aboutRead MoreKilling vs. Letting Die: Trolley Problem1585 Words   |  7 Pages| Killing and Letting Die | To discuss the trolley problem critically and the relative outside views | | The trolley problem; the choice is yours to decide whether or not the lives of five people are saved by the sacrifice of another person. This moral paradox mirrors real-life implications in politics, society and war. In terms of killing and letting die: are we morally obligated to kill in order to save a larger group of people? It may seem that the moral standings of killing andRead MoreAnalysis Of Gazzanig Toward A Universal Ethics 893 Words   |  4 PagesIn this reading by Gazzaniga: â€Å"Toward a Universal Ethics†, we are presented with The Trolley Dilemma. The dilemma in abstract moral reasoning studies most often presented by researchers is the trolley problem. This is an experiment in ethics and moral justice. A situation built on abstract moral reasoning. The question here is â€Å"Are morals something that is innate or are they something we learn?† The Trolley Dilemma is a scenario where a train heading straight toward five men working on the tracksRead MoreAnalysis Of Gazzanig Toward A Universal Ethics Essay894 Words   |  4 PagesIn this reading by Gazzaniga: â€Å"Toward a Universal Ethics†, we are presented with The Trolley Dilemma. The dilemma in abstract moral reasoning studies most often presented by researchers is the trolley problem. This is an experiment in ethics and moral justice. A situation built on abstract moral reasoning. The question here is â€Å"Are morals something that is innate or are they something we learn?† The Trolley Dilemma is a scenario where a train heading straight toward five men working on the tracksRead MoreThe Trolley Dilemma By Philippa Foot812 Words   |  4 PagesThe trolley dilemma was first created by Philippa Foot The Problem of Abortion and the Doctrine of the Double Effect in 1967 as a thought experiment on ethics, it then evolutionized into what we know today. Making us question human morality, write books annually and hold worldwide presentations. I will explain the trolley dilemma and how Mill’s Theory of Utility is the best way to approach this problem, helping us attain the answer with the best moral outcome. The questionRead MoreSelf Driving Cars : Is It All Over The World?886 Words   |  4 Pagesintricate problems emerge with self-driving cars, but they all stem from the idea of ethics, what is morally right and wrong. To try to get a better understanding for how these autonomous cars fit into the moral spectrum, theories like Trolley Problem are pondered. The Trolley Problem is â€Å"a philosophical question that has been debated for decades and has received renewed attention now that we are close to machines like self-driving cars being asked to make essentially moral decisions†¦ the trolley problemRead MoreUtilitarianism And Deontology And The Trolley Problem1483 Words   |  6 Pagesassessing the Trolley Problem in relation to Utilitarianism and Deontology and will conclude which theory is the best way to behave given the situation. In the first paragraph, I will begin by discussing the Trolley Problem followed by the next paragraph’s which wil l explaining how Utilitarianism and Deontology would approach the situation. Furthermore, I will be discussing which theory I believe is right in regards to the best way to behaving in society, given the possible outcomes of the problem. SinceRead MoreEssay Moral Realism847 Words   |  4 Pagesmoral ethics. Consequentialists rely on which right decision will provide the most amount of good. Followers of deontology however, choose what is right based upon decisions regardless of the possible outcome. For instance, consequentialism as a form of utilitarianism might enable the forfeit of one to save a group whereas deontology wouldn’t allow such a move as the individuals rights are being overlooked. These theories are constantly put the test in the moral trolley and footbridge problems. InRead MoreThe Trolley Problem Essay2004 Words   |  9 PagesThe Trolley Problem is set up in two parts. The first part of this problem puts the reader in a passive position to choose between shoving a large person onto the track causing one person to die to save the five other people and refraining and doing nothing would allow the five to die and the one person to live. The second part of this scenario would put Frank in a very personal position to choose to do something about the situation at hand, or to let five people die; or deliberately push a largeRead MoreComputer Technology : The Concepts Of Safety-Critical Software1748 Words   |  7 PagesAs such, everything is becoming digital and thus requires more precise logical thinking. To work a computer, you must think like a computer. But this also isn’t necessarily directed at just work, the world itself is becoming more logical. As such, problems are becoming even more complex and thus require more thought and logic into the decision process. 3. There are still some difficulties to clearly define computational competencies and to assess their impact in terms of educational development.

The Silk Road During The Han Dynasty Of China - 1484 Words

Many thousands of years ago, upon the earliest creations of civilization, there were two thriving civilizations. Both of which knew little to nothing about each other’s existence. In this ancient world, there was no connection of the two civilizations, no trade in commerce or culture. It was not until the second century BC that Europe and Eastern Asia interacted in a significant way. What is known as â€Å"The Silk Road† was established during the Han Dynasty of China, it was a network of trade routes that created a link between these two regions during this ancient world (ancient.eu). Though these routes have history prior to the Han Dynasty, this is when many historians see the routes in full practice. This time during the second century BC was crucial in the connection of these separately thriving civilizations, connecting them through commerce, religion, and exploration. Though the routes of the Silk Road thrived in the second century, it is said that this thirst fo r trade is to have begun in 53 BC, during a battle between the Romans and the Parthian army. During this battle the Parthian’s unleashed large banners of a translucent material, material that the Roman army had never seen anything like before (video). Due to this confusion, the Romans fled from an otherwise definite victory over the Parthians causing 20,000 men to die on the battlefield. This confusion though, turned into curiosity and fascination, causing silk to become highly desired in ancient Rome. ParthianShow MoreRelatedThe Roman Empire and the Han Dynasty Essay1272 Words   |  6 PagesEMPIRE AND THE HAN DYNASTY The Roman Empire and the Han Dynasty Imagine being the head of government in one or two of the most famously remembered governments in the world’s history! The Roman Empire and the Han Dynasty are two of the most famous governments in history. The Roman Empire and Han Dynasty were governed in very different ways, however both contributed greatly to Western civilization. The Roman Empire was in power between 1,000 and 1,200 years. The Han Dynasty was in power approximatelyRead MoreContinuity and Change-over-Time: Silk Road Trade 200 B.C.E.-1450 C.E.847 Words   |  4 PagesThe Silk Road is a trading route on the continent of Eurasia that stretches from the vast coast of China all the way to Eastern Europe. The trade route was at its greatest use from 200 B.C.E. to 1450 C.E. The society that began the Silk Road was the Han Dynasty in China in approximately 200 B.C.E. The Han Dynasty facilitated trade in the east, while the Roman Empire facilitated trade in the west and in Europe. The two empires traded many g oods, as well as cultural aspects of each society’s way ofRead MoreThe Maritime Silk Road And The Sea Trade Routes909 Words   |  4 PagesThe Maritime Silk Road also played an important historical role. The Han Dynasty’s ocean trade routes reached as far as South Asia. There have been records of trade between the Han Dynasty, the Persian and Roman empires. These trade accounts were all achieved using these methods or maritime routes. The imported goods from this route were mainly small ornaments. Later, these sea routes connected coastal cities. This helped make trade flow more smoothly. Some of the routes also went through the StraitRead MoreChina s Ancient Silk Road908 Words   |  4 PagesChina’s Ancient Silk Roads The Silk Road, a name given to the ancient trade routes linking China and Central Asia, was started in the second century BC when the Han Emperor, Wu the Great, sent his representative Zhang Qian to the west to start business. In 1877 CE, Ferdinand von Richthofen, a German geographer and traveler, called it the Silk Road (Hansen). The Silk Road is the most important trade route in history. It connected people from different continents, and it shaped the lives of peopleRead MoreThe Han Dynasty And The Qing Dynasty1261 Words   |  6 PagesThe Han Dynasty lasted from 206 B.C. until 220 A.D., making them one of China’s longest lasting empires. Their power and reputation rivaled that of the Roman Empire, which was also around at the same time. With only a few moments when they had some difficulties, they lasted four centuries that went through the times of B.C. and through the A.D. times. The Han Dynasty was thought to be the golden age of the Chinese, with their main points of development being in politics, technology, and the artsRead MoreAchievements Of The Han Dynasty973 Words   |  4 Pages Under the rule of Liu Bang, the Han dynasty (202B.C.E. - 220 C.E.) was one of the world’s largest and wealthiest empires. Among its achievements were improvements to the imperial administration, urban culture, technology and commerce. The dynasty was so successful that the people began to call themselves the Han people. Emperor Gaozu formerly known as Liu Bang , changed the bureaucracy and strict laws by lowering taxes, implementing less severe punishments and allowed Confucian scholarsRead MoreThe Influence of Silk and the Silk Road in China808 Words   |  3 PagesChina has more than 5,000 years of history and has changed dramatically over time. Silk and the Silk Road were both responsible for much of the change, beginning when silk became well known and frequently demanded by other countries. Many routes were created, running through all parts of the world exporting silk. As the invention flourished, the routes intertwined to form a trading system that was created a nd expanded over time. This influential route became know as the Silk Road and soon channeledRead MoreEssay on Cross Cultural Exchanges on the Silk Road Networks1643 Words   |  7 PagesSilk was an important item that was traded and began during the Han Dynasty. The Silk Road was a network of trade routes and the first marketplace that allowed people to spread beliefs and cultural ideas across Europe and Asia. Merchants and traders of many countries traveled technologies, diseases and religion on the Silk Road; connecting the West and East. They also imported horses, grapes, medicine products, stones, etc. and deported apricots, pottery and spices. The interaction of these differentRead MoreAncient China s Trade And Economy1445 Words   |  6 PagesAncient China s Trade and Economy From as early as 2100 BCE to as late as 1912 CE, China lived and prospered in the period of the dynasties (Timeline of Chinese History and Dynasties). The dynastic period included successions of rulers who usually descended from the same family. After the ruler passed away, their successor took their preceder s sole-reigning position of emperor. The Xia Dynasty started the period of the dynasties in 2100 BCE. (Timeline of Chinese History and Dynasties). The QingRead MoreThe Han Dynasty : A Golden Era For China1287 Words   |  6 PagesDecember 12, 2015 The Han Dynasty The Han dynasty was a golden era for China. It saw the greatest land confiscation of the nation’s history and economic success. In this paper I will be focusing on the structure of the national government, the monopolizing of iron and salt, the Yumen Pass and the Yellow Turban rebellion. Join me as we take a trip back in time to visit a time in Chinas history that is highly revered. Even though the Qin dynasty was seen as barbaric and brutal, the Han did implement some

Law of Commerce Alternative Dispute Resolution

Question: Discuss about the Law of Commercefor Alternative Dispute Resolution. Answer: Essay Plan Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) is an important tool in resolving disputes in both domestic and international business and consumer transactions. My short essay described according the above statement. For establishing the statement issues, I research various information related to the Alternative dispute resolution (ADR). ADR is process, which resolves all the disputes related with family, business, and consumers before that goes to a court or tribunal. Parties use the ADR methods because those are quick, private and less expensive that a trial. Alternative Disputes Resolution provided the benefits according the process of Mediation, Expedited Arbitration, Expert Determination, Negotiation and Conciliation (Ag.gov.au, 2017), which I also briefly described in the essay. I ensure that the essay give a clear and proper conception about how ADR process help to resolve the disputes. I have also mentioned the references of some books and internet sources about ADR, which help me to establish a proper view about how they work in the disputes. The sources I mentioned those are all reliable to the assignment and references are all given according Harvard style. Discuss Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) illustrate the resolution of disputes where an independent person who can be an ADR practitioner, helps people to sort out any kind of disputes in between them. It is actually help to solve any disputes before it appears to a court or tribunal (Benvenuti , Consults and Whiteman 2016). Here, ADR work as a third person, which never assign with the decision made by a court or tribunal. When resolving disputes process fails to perform, ADR offer the solving ways to consumers (Ag.gov.au, 2017). Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) did not set any particular rules or principles for providing their services to the consumers. They have the most common principles of accessibility, independence, transparency and cost. In international sector OECD E-commerce, produce safe guidelines for ADR, which give best resolution of the dispute (Ag.gov.au, 2017). The International Standards Organisation (ISO), which is one of the most successful ADR develop their standards on dispute resolution. In national sectors, some OECD member countries also developed the resolution of disputes in ADR schemes. Like in the year 1997, the Australian Government introduced Benchmarks for Industry-Based Customer Dispute Resolution Scheme which developed their industries according the dispute schemes, consumers groups, government and enforcement authorities (Ag.gov.au, 2017). The National Alternative Disputes Resolution Advisory Council (NADRAC) has also developed their standards and principles of ADR in co llaboration with government and private sectors (Ag.gov.au, 2017). There is lot of benefits that people gets from ADR .Those are: It is a describing process where parties can learn their aims and interest about each other (Benvenuti , Consults and Whiteman 2016). ADR always provide proper model of resolving disputes, which helps people in future to operate disputes. Increase the controlling participation process and give suitable results. Helps to work according the participants need where they invest their time and efforts. Helps for provide a clear and fair process. ADR process is now working in a brief area in Australia with useful and helping approaches which assigning with resolutions of disputes. It deals the conflict managements through preventive, collaborative, facilitative, fact-finding, advisory and mandatory ways. Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) operates their solution according the four methods. Those are: Mediation: it is a process where parties can operate as an individual as mediator. They listen to each other, work according the disputes and needs which important to resolve. They also develop the disputes resolution according each issue and assure the most reliable solution (Benvenuti , Consults and Whiteman 2016). A mediator can be suitable if they make a proper and respectful discussion, showing the safe presence for each other, able to control own outcome, maintain good relation, keep their discussion confidential and work according modern discussion. Expedited Arbitration: Arbitration is a process where parties can present or displays their viewpoints and facts to the arbitrator who acts as an individual person. The arbitrator gives his decisions according their information. It is a basic formal process than mediation. In the process parties can involved directly and broadly for producing their facts or evidence to a dispute resolution practitioner (Benvenuti , Consults and Whiteman 2016). It has different modes of works. It has own consensual nature. In arbitration, parties must agree to fix their differences according the disputes (Donaldson 2014). It must be a private procedure where the arbitrator must non-governmental and never involved with the state court system. The proper flexible process should apply on the dispute solution. Arbitration process always showed determination of rights towards the parties. Arbitration can required under a court order or which can be a part as a contract. When parties involved, they sometime issues their disputes according agreement or contract. Their processes are better and quicker than a court (Donaldson 2014). Arbitration process also work with the disputes in between a boss or with employee. Expert Determination: It is a procedure where disputes cam be comply between parties according the agreement or contract. The determination must be irrevocable. Negotiation: Negotiation is another form to resolve disputes in ADR. A negotiation can be process by: Listen to both parties recognized important issues Develop or exercise to the dispute issues Set a goal to work according the agreement Parties must present the actual issue. Only produce irrevocable decision after the end of negotiation (Donaldson 2014). To look after when and how the negotiation process took place and made the decisions. Consult with the negotiator whether communicate directly or assisted by any representative (Benvenuti , Consults and Whiteman 2016). Its duty of a negotiator, to communicate with the parties before process the negotiation. They set a proper procedure before processing the negotiation process. They must be faithful to their work and perform properly for dispute issues (Creutzfeldt 2014). They always give the outcome which always beneficial for the parties. Conciliation: In ADR, the parties can conciliate with a conciliator for solving the dispute issues. It sometimes treated similar to mediation (Creutzfeldt 2014). Sometimes it has become a part of a court, tribunal or government agency process. Its work according: Listening to both the parties Work only for the disputes (Donaldson 2014) According the both parties consultation toward the agreement Set goal for proper workable contract Develop or flourish issues for resolving the disputes Gather expert advices and legal consequences Conciliation can be appropriate when parties want to involve a third party for resolving the disputes. Conciliators have also some duty toward the people. They also work as mediator. Those are: They should know all references towards the disputes Will process with proper guidelines for resolving disputes Will communicate with proper way with the parties (Creutzfeldt 2014) The conciliators never take sides or make individual decision. The Alternative Dispute Resolution gives their services in Australia for providing their separate assignment for resolving the issues. It has developed their aspects in industries for domestic and international business (Creutzfeldt 2014). ADR not only work with industries but also resolve the issues in commercial, family and workplace disputes which is cheaper, faster, and comfortable which is better that going to court or tribunal. The ADR has already gave their services toward the industries from last five years in Australia. The industries growth their business aspects with the involvement Of ADR and resolve the disputes for a better future in business industries (Donaldson 2014). In addition, the litigation of excessive cost and growth of business help the country for settle their relation internationally. It always work confidentially which always help the country for doing better performance in business sector and never damage the relationships between them . Alternative Dispu tes Resolution provided the benefits according the process of Mediation, Expedited Arbitration, Expert Determination, Negotiation and Conciliation. Since the Resolve to resolve report by the National Alternative Disputes Resolution Advisory Council ( NADRAC) has publishes in 2009 , the ADR had growth their promotions in at various levels of the government. At the Federal level, people resolve their disputes according the Civil Dispute Resolution act 2011. They took care about the disputes before that commence to a court or tribunal. ADR works with the issues with the consumer disputes. Here, consumer first complain or point out the disputes. Then if that fail to perform then consumer can choose an independent complaints body like the National Consumer Agency. In this agency, ADR works on disputes. Conclusion This assessment provides the information about how the Alternative Dispute Resolution works in resolving disputes. Their modern process of resolving applied not only Australia, but worldwide they works every disputes like family, organisation, business, consumer and every possible matter that disputes may resolve without going to a court or a tribunal. In that essay it is briefly described how ADR works internationally and domestic consumer transaction with the parties and as well as the resolving the disputes. Reference Alternative dispute resolution | Attorney-General's Department. [online] Availableat: https://www.ag.gov.au/LegalSystem/AlternateDisputeResolution/Pages/default.aspx [Accessed 18 Apr. 2017]. Benvenuti, J., Consults, J.B. and Whiteman, C., 2016. Consumer access to external dispute resolution in a changing energy market. Creutzfeldt, N., 2014. Alternative Dispute Resolution for Consumers. Donaldson, L., 2014. Alternative dispute resolution.ADR, Arbitration, and Mediation, p.91. Fiadjoe, A., 2013.Alternative dispute resolution: a developing world perspective. Routledge. Gill, C., Williams, J., Brennan, C. and Hirst, C., 2014. Models of alternative dispute resolution (ADR).A report for the legal Ombudsman. Queen Margaret University Retrieved from. Ipaustralia.gov.au. (2017). Alternative dispute resolution for Australian business | IP Australia. [online] Available at: https://www.ipaustralia.gov.au/about-us/news-and-community/news/alternative-dispute-resolution-australian-business [Accessed 18 Apr. 2017]. (Ipaustralia.gov.au, 2017)in text Mackie, K.J. and Mackie, K. eds., 2013.A handbook of dispute resolution: ADR in action. Routledge.Moens, G.A. and Evans, P., 2015. An Australian Perspective on Arbitration and Dispute Resolution in the Resources Sector. InArbitration and Dispute Resolution in the Resources Sector(pp. 1-5). Springer International Publishing. Spencer, D. and Hardy, S., 2014.Dispute Resolution in Australia: cases, commentary and materials. Thomson Reuters. Trakman, L.E., 2014. Investor-State arbitration: evaluating Australias evolving position.The Journal of World Investment Trade,15(1-2), pp.152-192.

Total Risk, No

Introduction The relationship between total risk, no-diversifiable risk, and diversifiable risk are in the context of the level of diversifiable in the investment portfolio, which is critical in identifying the type of risk to diversify as economic investment environment dynamically changes. In this case, diversifiable risk is the only relevant risk because of its specificityAdvertising We will write a custom essay sample on Total Risk, No-Diversifiable Risk, and Diversifiable Risk specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Total risk An aggregate of all the total factors associated with making an investment decision is referred to as total risk. Each of the factors associated with making decisions that have the potential to adversely impacts on business investment making are classified into no-diversifiable and diversifiable risks, making total risks. In this case, total risk needs to be assessed before making an investment to avoid the po tential for making loses, which are outcomes that significantly vary from the expected value and financial returns. In this case, the link between total risks and other risks is separated from each other by the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), in theory. Here, total risk in finance can be market dependent with attributes where the different market drivers determine the degree of returns for a risk to impact investments. While total risk underlies the perspective of risk in its varied forms, one of the forms of risk is no-diversifiable risk. No-diversified risk No-diversifiable risk, which is also referred to as systematic risk is defined in the context of the entire class of assets and liabilities. The rationale for this type of risk is that the value of an asset depreciates with time as economic factors change with changing market conditions. That is because the risk of an investment asset cannot be mitigated, and that affects both corporate and individual investments. The latte r makes it mandatory to add the asset into a diversified investment portfolio, which is then delineated into the no-diversifiable risk. In context, market risks, purchasing power risks, and interest rate risks underlie the driver factors no-diversifiable risk. Another element of risk is diversifiable risk. Diversified risk On the other hand, diversifiable risk is risk defined in the context of unsystematic risk which can be removed through diversification since it belongs to part of an asset’s risk. In this case, diversifiable risk can be narrowed into specific asset-related events in a firm that can be in the form of regulatory actions, lawsuits, loss of a key account, and strikes.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The underlying cause of diversifiable risk is industrial specific events such as pricing, marketing, research and development, and labor unions. Here, diver sifiable risk is in the context of business risks, default risks, and financial risks. The key characteristic of diversifiable risk is that it has limited impact on diversified portfolio. Comparatively, diversifiable risk is the only relevant risk. Diversified risk as only relevant risk That diversifiable risk is the only relevant risk is correct. That is because diversifiable risk is limited to a specific asset and can be accurately identified in relation to its impact on an asset. That is in addition to the fact that such a risk allows for diversification depending on the universe of investment and can be controlled by hedging. Conclusion There are strong relationship and differences between the total risk, no-identifiable risk, and indefinable risk, with each defines in the context of risk, but varying in the diversification or no-diversification portfolio. This essay on Total Risk, No-Diversifiable Risk, and Diversifiable Risk was written and submitted by user Maya D. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.